Turks in the Netherlands

Turks in the Netherlands
Total population
	Estimates vary because official Dutch statistics do not collect data on ethnicity. ; ; At least 500,000
Regions with significant populations
	Rotterdam; Amsterdam; The Hague; Utrecht; Deventer;
Languages
	Dutch; Turkish; Kurmanji; Dutch dialects;
Religion
	Predominantly Sunni Islam; Minority Alevism, Christianity, other religions and irreligion
	^ a: Data from Statistics Netherlands shows that there are 410,000 people with a migration background from Turkey, regardless of ethnicity (first and second-generation only).;

Turks in the Netherlands (occasionally and colloquially Dutch Turks or Turkish-Dutch; Dutch: Turkse Nederlander; Turkish: Hollanda Türkleri) refers to people of full or partial Turkish ethnicity living in the Netherlands. They form the largest ethnic minority group in the country; thus, the Turks are the second-largest ethnic group in the Netherlands after the ethnic Dutch. The majority of Dutch Turks descend from the Republic of Turkey; however, there has also been significant Turkish migration waves from other post-Ottoman countries including ethnic Turkish communities which have come to the Netherlands from the Balkans (e.g. from Bulgaria, Greece, Kosovo, North Macedonia and Romania),^[3] the island of Cyprus,^[3] as well as from other parts of the Levant (especially Iraq). More recently, during the European migrant crisis significant waves of Turkish minorities from Syria and Kosovo have also arrived in the Netherlands. In addition, there has been migration to the Netherlands from the Turkish diaspora; many Turkish-Belgians and Turkish-Germans have arrived in the country as Belgian and German citizens.^[3]

^ Aalberse, Suzanne; Backus, Ad; Muysken, Pieter [in Dutch] (2019), Heritage Languages: A language Contact Approach, John Benjamins Publishing Company, p. 90, ISBN 978-9027261762, the Dutch Turkish community... out of a population that over the years must have numbered half a million.
^ Cite error: The named reference StatisticsNetherlands2019 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ ^a ^b ^c Sag, Armand (2016), "De destinteresse in Nederland", Platform Dergisi (December 2016): 59, Officieel zijn ze met bijna 500.000 mensen aanwezig in Nederland, meer omdat Turken uit Bulgarije..., Griekenland..., Cyprus..., Macedonië... en bijvoorbeeld Turken die geen Turkse nationaliteit meer hebben of Turken uit België en Duitsland die zich nu gevestigd hebben in Nederland.

[Aalberseetal2019-1] Aalberse, Suzanne; Backus, Ad; Muysken, Pieter [in Dutch] (2019), Heritage Languages: A language Contact Approach, John Benjamins Publishing Company, p. 90, ISBN 978-9027261762, the Dutch Turkish community... out of a population that over the years must have numbered half a million.

[StatisticsNetherlands2019-2] Cite error: The named reference StatisticsNetherlands2019 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Sag2016-3] Sag, Armand (2016), "De destinteresse in Nederland", Platform Dergisi (December 2016): 59, Officieel zijn ze met bijna 500.000 mensen aanwezig in Nederland, meer omdat Turken uit Bulgarije..., Griekenland..., Cyprus..., Macedonië... en bijvoorbeeld Turken die geen Turkse nationaliteit meer hebben of Turken uit België en Duitsland die zich nu gevestigd hebben in Nederland.

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[1]

[2]

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Total population
Estimates vary because official Dutch statistics do not collect data on ethnicity.^[a] At least 500,000^[1]
Regions with significant populations
Rotterdam Amsterdam The Hague Utrecht Deventer
Languages
Dutch Turkish Kurmanji Dutch dialects
Religion
Predominantly Sunni Islam Minority Alevism, Christianity, other religions and irreligion
^ a: Data from Statistics Netherlands shows that there are 410,000 people with a migration background from Turkey, regardless of ethnicity (first and second-generation only).^[2]